A sonar system fixed in a submarine operates at a frequency 40 KHz. An enemy submarine moves towards the sonar with a speed of 360 Km/h. What is frequency (approximate) of sound received to sonar system, reflected by the submarine? Given: V sound = 1450 m/s in water.
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(46 KHz.)
Apparent frequency
f´ = 
= 
× 40 × 10 3
= 4.27 × 10 4 Hz
This frequency is reflected by the enemy submarine (now source) and is observed by SONAR (now observer)
In this case; v S = 360 Km/h = 100 m/sec.
∴ Apparent frequency;
f×= 
= 
= 45.9 × 10 3 Hz 46 KHz.
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